{"id":315,"date":"2023-10-23T02:26:24","date_gmt":"2023-10-23T02:26:24","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/grain.st\/?p=315"},"modified":"2023-10-23T02:26:24","modified_gmt":"2023-10-23T02:26:24","slug":"wheat-flour-production-technology-equipment-cost","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/grain.st\/cs\/naklady-na-zarizeni-pro-vyrobu-psenicne-mouky\/","title":{"rendered":"V\u00fdroba p\u0161eni\u010dn\u00e9 mouky - technologie, za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed, n\u00e1klady"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><img decoding=\"async\" title=\"V\u00fdroba p\u0161eni\u010dn\u00e9 muky - technologie, vybaven\u00ed, hodnota\" src=\"https:\/\/biznesplan-primer.ru\/files\/proizvodstvo\/l\/7.jpg\" alt=\"V\u00fdroba p\u0161eni\u010dn\u00e9 muky - technologie, vybaven\u00ed, hodnota\" \/><\/p>\n<p>Mouka v\u017edy byla a je velmi \u017e\u00e1dan\u00fdm produktem. O tom, jak d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e1 je mouka pro ka\u017ed\u00e9ho Rusa, snad nen\u00ed t\u0159eba dlouze hovo\u0159it. Pr\u00e1v\u011b tato obliba v\u00fdrobku \u010din\u00ed z jeho v\u00fdroby vynikaj\u00edc\u00ed mo\u017enost pro podporu podnik\u00e1n\u00ed. V\u00fdrobci p\u0161eni\u010dn\u00e9 mouky maj\u00ed obrovsk\u00e9 mo\u017enosti odbytu. Prod\u00e1vaj\u00ed ji pek\u00e1rn\u00e1m, pek\u00e1rn\u00e1m, obchod\u016fm, gastronomick\u00fdm provoz\u016fm, v\u00fdrobc\u016fm polotovar\u016f atd. Organizace a rozvoj podnik\u00e1n\u00ed v oblasti v\u00fdroby p\u0161eni\u010dn\u00e9 mouky je proto velmi v\u00fdnosn\u00fdm podnik\u00e1n\u00edm.<\/p>\n<p>Abyste toho v\u0161ak dos\u00e1hli, mus\u00edte zpo\u010d\u00e1tku d\u011blat v\u0161e kvalifikovan\u011b. Nejprve si spo\u010d\u00edtejte n\u00e1klady. Pot\u00e9 nakoup\u00edte dobr\u00e9 vybaven\u00ed a kvalitn\u00ed suroviny. Pouze p\u0159i spr\u00e1vn\u00e9m p\u0159\u00edstupu k v\u011bci bude vyroben\u00fd produkt dob\u0159e realizov\u00e1n a investice se rychle vr\u00e1t\u00ed. V \u010dl\u00e1nku v\u00e1m porad\u00edme, jak takov\u00fd podnik vytvo\u0159it. Koneckonc\u016f existuje n\u011bkolik mo\u017enost\u00ed: velk\u00fd podnik, minipodnik a v\u00fdroba mouky doma. Je d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 si uv\u011bdomit, \u017ee rozd\u00edl nen\u00ed jen v rozsahu n\u00e1klad\u016f a zisku, ale tak\u00e9 v technologi\u00edch v\u00fdroby. Jak\u00e9 je pot\u0159eba vybaven\u00ed, suroviny, co kolik stoj\u00ed a jak\u00e9 jsou metody v\u00fdroby p\u0161eni\u010dn\u00e9 mouky, se dozv\u00edte zde.<\/p>\n<h1>Velkov\u00fdroba p\u0161eni\u010dn\u00e9 mouky<\/h1>\n<p>Existuj\u00ed r\u016fzn\u00e9 druhy mouky: \u017eitn\u00e1, ovesn\u00e1, kuku\u0159i\u010dn\u00e1, je\u010dn\u00e1, r\u00fd\u017eov\u00e1. V Rusku je v\u0161ak obl\u00edben\u011bj\u0161\u00ed p\u0161eni\u010dn\u00e1 mouka. Abyste se v tomto oboru stali \u00fasp\u011b\u0161n\u00fdmi a otev\u0159eli si velk\u00fd v\u00fdrobn\u00ed z\u00e1vod, je d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 spolupracovat s dobr\u00fdmi dodavateli surovin. Pr\u00e1v\u011b na kvalit\u011b zrna z\u00e1vis\u00ed v\u00fdkonnost budouc\u00ed mouky. Krom\u011b dodavatel\u016f byste se m\u011bli postarat o \u0161pi\u010dkov\u00e9 technologick\u00e9 vybaven\u00ed. Koneckonc\u016f velk\u00fd podnik by m\u011bl pracovat nep\u0159etr\u017eit\u011b, proto by technika m\u011bla b\u00fdt odoln\u00e1, produktivn\u00ed a automatizovan\u00e1 (pokud mo\u017eno). Je t\u0159eba si uv\u011bdomit, \u017ee propagace velk\u00e9 d\u00edlny vy\u017eaduje obrovsk\u00e9 mno\u017estv\u00ed pen\u011bz a velk\u00e9 \u00fasil\u00ed.<\/p>\n<h2>Suroviny pro v\u00fdrobu<\/h2>\n<p>Pro v\u00fdrobu mouky se nakupuje m\u011bkk\u00e1 p\u0161enice. To plat\u00ed v p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b, \u017ee je ur\u010dena k v\u00fdrob\u011b chlebov\u00e9 mouky. Nap\u0159\u00edklad pro v\u00fdrobu t\u011bstovin se pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 tvrd\u00fd druh obil\u00ed.<\/p>\n<p>P\u0159i v\u00fdb\u011bru surovin je t\u0159eba se \u0159\u00eddit jejich t\u0159\u00eddou. Existuje jich n\u011bkolik:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>siln\u00e1: z t\u00e9to odr\u016fdy se z\u00edsk\u00e1v\u00e1 vysoce kvalitn\u00ed pe\u010divo. T\u011bsto z n\u00ed se vyzna\u010duje pru\u017enost\u00ed, elasticitou, kyprost\u00ed. V\u00fdrobky z tohoto t\u011bsta dob\u0159e dr\u017e\u00ed tvar. Takov\u00e1 p\u0161enice se n\u011bkdy m\u00eds\u00ed s m\u00e9n\u011b kvalitn\u00edm obil\u00edm, aby se zv\u00fd\u0161ily jej\u00ed vlastnosti. T\u00edm se zlep\u0161uje kvalita budouc\u00ed mouky;<\/li>\n<li>st\u0159edn\u00ed: pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 se k pe\u010den\u00ed vysoce kvalitn\u00edho chleba (podle GOST). Takov\u00e1 t\u0159\u00edda se tak\u00e9 naz\u00fdv\u00e1 hodnotn\u00e1;<\/li>\n<li>slab\u00fd: n\u00e1zev t\u0159\u00eddy mluv\u00ed s\u00e1m za sebe. Pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 se pro zn\u00e1mkov\u00e1n\u00ed. Chl\u00e9b se uk\u00e1\u017ee jako dobr\u00fd pouze v kombinaci s jin\u00fdmi druhy obil\u00ed.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Chcete-li z\u00edskat dobrou mouku, m\u011bli byste kupovat siln\u00e9 nebo st\u0159edn\u011b siln\u00e9 druhy zrn. V extr\u00e9mn\u00edch (velmi vz\u00e1cn\u00fdch) p\u0159\u00edpadech ji lze sm\u00edchat se slab\u00fdm typem. Nedoporu\u010duje se v\u0161ak pou\u017e\u00edvat ji jako hlavn\u00ed surovinu kv\u016fli jej\u00ed n\u00edzk\u00e9 cen\u011b. M\u016f\u017eete si t\u00edm zkazit pov\u011bst a \"odradit\" sv\u00e9 velkoobchodn\u00ed z\u00e1kazn\u00edky.<\/p>\n<h2>V\u00fdrobn\u00ed za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed<\/h2>\n<p>Na prvn\u00ed pohled se zd\u00e1, \u017ee nen\u00ed pot\u0159eba mnoho stroj\u016f - namelte zrna, vy\u010dist\u011bte a p\u0159ipravte. Ve skute\u010dnosti k v\u00fdrob\u011b mouky pot\u0159ebujete velk\u00fd seznam za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Sila: n\u00e1doby na skladov\u00e1n\u00ed rozemlet\u00e9ho obil\u00ed. Jedn\u00e1 se o vysok\u00e9 ba\u0148ky ve tvaru termosek. Uvnit\u0159 se udr\u017euje such\u00e9 klima, aby se zabr\u00e1nilo refluxu mlet\u00e9 suroviny. Sila slou\u017e\u00ed tak\u00e9 k filtraci mouky. Jsou vybavena poklopy, \u017eeb\u0159\u00edky a plo\u0161inami pro kontrolu person\u00e1lem;<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/biznesplan-primer.ru\/files\/images\/_136.jpg\" alt=\"\" title=\"\"><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>oplachov\u00e1n\u00ed nebo kart\u00e1\u010dov\u00e1n\u00ed: jejich funkce jsou podobn\u00e9, tak\u017ee si m\u016f\u017eete koupit jeden z nich. P\u0159\u00edstroje intenzivn\u011b \u010dist\u00ed povrch zrn od ne\u010distot, prachu a zbytk\u016f \u00faponk\u016f. Ze zrn odstra\u0148uj\u00ed slupky a odstra\u0148uj\u00ed kl\u00ed\u010dky. Existuj\u00ed horizont\u00e1ln\u00ed a vertik\u00e1ln\u00ed typy oplachova\u010d\u016f;<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/biznesplan-primer.ru\/files\/images\/ \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u0449\u0435\u0442\u043e\u0447\u043d\u044b\u0435_1.jpg\" alt=\"\" title=\"\"><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>steriliz\u00e1tory: dezinfikuj\u00ed suroviny. Existuj\u00ed r\u016fzn\u00e9 typy a tvary - \u010dtvercov\u00e9, obd\u00e9ln\u00edkov\u00e9, ve tvaru tunel\u016f. Vzduchov\u00e9 steriliz\u00e1tory se pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed ke sterilizaci obil\u00ed;<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/biznesplan-primer.ru\/files\/images\/_137.jpg\" alt=\"\" title=\"\"><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>stroje pro hydroterm\u00e1ln\u00ed \u00fapravu zrn: nezbytn\u00e9 pro pran\u00ed surovin. Dod\u00e1vaj\u00ed se ve form\u011b l\u00e1zn\u00ed nebo ban\u011bk s integrovan\u00fdmi \u010distic\u00edmi technologiemi. Jsou rozd\u011bleny p\u0159ep\u00e1\u017ekami na dv\u011b odd\u011blen\u00ed - pro po\u010d\u00e1te\u010dn\u00ed a kone\u010dn\u00e9 pran\u00ed;<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/biznesplan-primer.ru\/files\/images\/ \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0433\u0438\u0434\u0440\u043e\u0442\u0435\u0440\u043c\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u043a\u0438 \u0437\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043d.jpg\" alt=\"\" title=\"\"><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Su\u0161ic\u00ed za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed: kontinu\u00e1ln\u00ed su\u0161ic\u00ed jednotky - su\u0161i\u010dky obil\u00ed. Jsou mobiln\u00ed a stacion\u00e1rn\u00ed. Bubnov\u00e9, pneumatick\u00e9 a \u0161achov\u00e9. Stacion\u00e1rn\u00ed bubnov\u00e9 su\u0161\u00e1rny se pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed v tov\u00e1rn\u00e1ch;<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/biznesplan-primer.ru\/files\/images\/ \u0431\u0430\u0440\u0430\u0431\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0441\u0443\u0448\u0438\u043b\u043a\u0438.jpg\" alt=\"\" title=\"\"><\/p>\n<p>ml\u00fdnky: k mlet\u00ed p\u0159ipraven\u00fdch zrn. Jedn\u00e1 se o velk\u00fd automatizovan\u00fd stroj. Vypad\u00e1 jako velk\u00fd sud s motorem. Existuj\u00ed ml\u00fdnky kulat\u00e9 nebo hranat\u00e9. Uvnit\u0159 jsou zabudov\u00e1ny siln\u00e9 ml\u00fdnsk\u00e9 kameny na mlet\u00ed. Produkt se nasype do speci\u00e1ln\u00ed n\u00e1doby a za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed se zapne, \u010d\u00edm\u017e se spust\u00ed proces mlet\u00ed;<br \/>\n<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/biznesplan-primer.ru\/files\/images\/ \u0434\u043b\u044f \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043c\u043e\u043b\u0430 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0433\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0437\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043d.jpg\" alt=\"\" title=\"\"><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>s\u00edtovac\u00ed za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed: filtrov\u00e1n\u00ed a pros\u00e9v\u00e1n\u00ed hotov\u00e9 mouky. Jedn\u00e1 se o velk\u00e9 ku\u017eelovit\u00e9 vany s \u017eeb\u0159\u00edky a syst\u00e9mem vykl\u00e1p\u011bn\u00ed pytl\u016f;.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/biznesplan-primer.ru\/files\/images\/ \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0431\u043e\u0440\u044b.jpg\" alt=\"\" title=\"\"><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>balic\u00ed za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed: hotov\u00e1 mouka se do n\u011bj vkl\u00e1d\u00e1 v sypk\u00e9 form\u011b a vych\u00e1z\u00ed v pytl\u00edch. Speci\u00e1ln\u00ed s\u00e1\u010dky se ukl\u00e1daj\u00ed do z\u00e1sobn\u00edku;<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/biznesplan-primer.ru\/files\/images\/ \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0440\u0430\u0441\u0444\u0430\u0441\u043e\u0432\u043a\u0438.jpg\" alt=\"\" title=\"\"><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>s\u00e1\u010dky na balen\u00ed. M\u016f\u017eete si je vyrobit sami, ale budete si tak\u00e9 muset koupit stroj. V\u011bt\u0161ina tov\u00e1ren nakupuje hotov\u00e9 s\u00e1\u010dky nebo si je objedn\u00e1v\u00e1 s individu\u00e1ln\u00edmi \u0161t\u00edtky.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>V\u00fdrobn\u00ed technologie<\/h2>\n<ol>\n<li>Pokud dodavatel\u00e9 dod\u00e1vaj\u00ed obil\u00ed v nezpracovan\u00e9m stavu, upravuje se podle normy p\u0159\u00edmo v z\u00e1vod\u011b. N\u011bkdy je tato mo\u017enost levn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed. Proto\u017ee vy\u010di\u0161t\u011bn\u00e9, rozemlet\u00e9 a vypran\u00e9 obil\u00ed je drah\u00e9 i p\u0159i velkoobjemov\u00fdch n\u00e1kupech. Na druhou stranu je v\u0161ak pro finalizaci surovin zapot\u0159eb\u00ed v\u0161ech v\u00fd\u0161e uveden\u00fdch za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed. Proto je t\u0159eba v\u0161e p\u0159edem propo\u010d\u00edtat a porovnat v\u00fdsledky. Vezm\u011bme v \u00favahu technologii v\u00fdroby mouky z nezpracovan\u00e9ho obil\u00ed.<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/biznesplan-primer.ru\/files\/images\/ \u0434\u0435\u043b\u0430\u044e\u0442 \u043c\u0443\u043a\u0443 1-1 screenshot_1.png\" alt=\"\" title=\"\"><\/li>\n<li>P\u0161enice se zbavuje prachu, \u0161p\u00edny a ne\u010distot pomoc\u00ed oplachovac\u00edch nebo kart\u00e1\u010dovac\u00edch stroj\u016f.<br \/>\n<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/biznesplan-primer.ru\/files\/images\/ \u0434\u0435\u043b\u0430\u044e\u0442 \u043c\u0443\u043a\u0443 1-8 screenshot.png\" alt=\"\" title=\"\"><\/li>\n<li>Pot\u00e9 se provede hydroterm\u00e1ln\u00ed \u00faprava: promyt\u00ed a o\u010di\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed od posledn\u00edch nepot\u0159ebn\u00fdch prvk\u016f - sko\u0159\u00e1pky, \u00faponk\u016f, z\u00e1rodk\u016f.<br \/>\n<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/biznesplan-primer.ru\/files\/images\/ \u0434\u0435\u043b\u0430\u044e\u0442 \u043c\u0443\u043a\u0443 1-36 screenshot.png\" alt=\"\" title=\"\"><\/li>\n<li>Hotov\u00e1 surovina se vlo\u017e\u00ed do steriliz\u00e1toru.<\/li>\n<li>Po t\u011bchto manipulac\u00edch se p\u0161enice su\u0161\u00ed proud\u011bn\u00edm such\u00e9ho vzduchu.Prov\u00e1d\u00ed se mlet\u00ed v ml\u00fdnech. Jednotka nez\u00e1visle na sob\u011b p\u0159el\u00e9v\u00e1 hotov\u00fd produkt do poskytnut\u00fdch n\u00e1dr\u017e\u00ed. Odtud se mouka dopravuje do pros\u00e9vac\u00edho za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed.<br \/>\n<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/biznesplan-primer.ru\/files\/images\/%20%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%8E%D1%82%20%D0%BC%D1%83%D0%BA%D1%83%201-45%20screenshot.png\" alt=\"\" title=\"\"><\/li>\n<li>Posledn\u00ed f\u00e1z\u00ed je balen\u00ed. Mouka se nej\u010dast\u011bji bal\u00ed do pytl\u016f o hmotnosti 1 nebo 2 kg. Pro velkoobchody se bal\u00ed do polyethylenov\u00fdch pytl\u016f po 5 nebo 10 kg. Nebo do velk\u00fdch pytl\u016f o objemu 25, 50 kg.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>Ve velk\u00fdch v\u00fdrobn\u00edch z\u00e1vodech je povinn\u00e1 kontrola v\u00fdrobk\u016f. Mouka se testuje je\u0161t\u011b p\u0159ed zabalen\u00edm. Pokud v\u00fdrobek vyhovuje standardizaci, je povolen jeho prodej.<\/p>\n<h2>Miniprodukce p\u0161eni\u010dn\u00e9 mouky<\/h2>\n<p>V\u011bt\u0161ina za\u010d\u00ednaj\u00edc\u00edch podnikatel\u016f se p\u0159ikl\u00e1n\u00ed k miniprodukci mouky. Ta je m\u00e9n\u011b n\u00e1kladn\u00e1 ne\u017e vybaven\u00ed velk\u00e9 tov\u00e1rny. Ale i pro mal\u00fd obchod pot\u0159ebujete \u0161pi\u010dkov\u00e9 stroje a vynikaj\u00edc\u00ed obil\u00ed.<\/p>\n<h3>Za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed pro v\u00fdrobu<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li>P\u0159\u00edpravn\u00e9 za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed na \u010di\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed p\u0161enice. M\u016f\u017eete si koupit aerodynamick\u00fd separ\u00e1tor. Prov\u00e1d\u00ed \u010di\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed a kalibraci jak\u00e9hokoli typu suroviny. Jedn\u00e1 se o za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed obd\u00e9ln\u00edkov\u00e9ho tvaru s vyveden\u00fdmi z\u00e1sobn\u00edky ve spodn\u00ed \u010d\u00e1sti pro vysyp\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed vy\u010di\u0161t\u011bn\u00fdch zrn. K z\u00e1sobn\u00edk\u016fm jsou p\u0159ipevn\u011bny pytle pro sb\u011br. Takov\u00fd stroj stoj\u00ed asi 150 000 rubl\u016f. Stroj si m\u016f\u017eete pronajmout a za\u010d\u00edt pracovat.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/biznesplan-primer.ru\/files\/images\/ \u0434\u043b\u044f \u043e\u0447\u0438\u0449\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043f\u0448\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0446\u044b.jpg\" alt=\"\" title=\"\"><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Ml\u00fdn: na mlet\u00ed p\u0161enice. Existuj\u00ed d\u0159ev\u011bn\u00e9 a kovov\u00e9 ml\u00fdny. Se zabudovan\u00fdmi kamenn\u00fdmi, \u017eulov\u00fdmi nebo keramick\u00fdmi ml\u00fdnsk\u00fdmi kameny. N\u00e1klady na nevelk\u00fd stroj se pohybuj\u00ed kolem 12000 eur.<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/biznesplan-primer.ru\/files\/images\/120 000 \u0440\u0443\u0431\u043b\u0435\u0439.jpg\" alt=\"\" title=\"\"><\/p>\n<p>Stroj na balen\u00ed. Balic\u00ed linka farm\u00e1\u0159e vyv\u00e1d\u00ed hotovou mouku v pap\u00edrov\u00fdch s\u00e1\u010dc\u00edch o hmotnosti 1 nebo 2 kg. Konstrukce stoj\u00ed p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b 2000 eur.<br \/>\n<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/biznesplan-primer.ru\/files\/images\/ \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0444\u0430\u0441\u043e\u0432\u043a\u0438 \u0438 \u0443\u043f\u0430\u043a\u043e\u0432\u043a\u0438_2.jpg\" alt=\"\" title=\"\"><\/p>\n<p>S\u00edtko. Konstrukce podobn\u00e1 sk\u0159\u00ed\u0148ce s v\u00fdlevkou. Uvnit\u0159 se nach\u00e1z\u00ed filtra\u010dn\u00ed syst\u00e9m v podob\u011b kovov\u00e9ho s\u00edta. V\u00fdlevkou se \u010dist\u00fd produkt p\u0159el\u00e9v\u00e1 do speci\u00e1ln\u00ed n\u00e1doby. S\u00edtko stoj\u00ed p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b 300 eur.<br \/>\n<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/biznesplan-primer.ru\/files\/images\/_138.jpg\" alt=\"\" title=\"\"><\/p>\n<p>Speci\u00e1ln\u00ed oble\u010den\u00ed pro zam\u011bstnance. P\u0159i v\u00fdrob\u011b jak\u00fdchkoli produkt\u016f je nutn\u00e9 pracovat v \u010dist\u00fdch pl\u00e1\u0161t\u00edch, \u010depic\u00edch a rukavic\u00edch. Na uniformy je t\u0159eba vynalo\u017eit nejm\u00e9n\u011b 100 eur.<br \/>\nVoz\u00edky nebo povozy pro p\u0159epravu pytl\u016f s moukou. Pro mal\u00fd obchod posta\u010d\u00ed dva nebo t\u0159i p\u0159\u00edstroje v cen\u011b 50 eur.<br \/>\n<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/biznesplan-primer.ru\/files\/images\/ \u0434\u043b\u044f \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0432\u043e\u0437\u043a\u0438_1.jpg\" alt=\"\" title=\"\"><\/p>\n<p>M\u016f\u017eete si uspo\u0159\u00e1dat m\u00edsto pro balen\u00ed v\u00fdrobk\u016f do pytl\u016f o hmotnosti 25 nebo 50 kg. Tato pr\u00e1ce se prov\u00e1d\u00ed ru\u010dn\u011b a je k n\u00ed nutn\u00e9 zakoupit v\u00e1hy. Jejich cena je od 20 000 rubl\u016f. A budete si tak\u00e9 muset koupit stroj na \u0161it\u00ed pytl\u016f, kter\u00fd stoj\u00ed od 1200 do 1600 eur.<\/p>\n<h2>V\u00fdrobn\u00ed technologie<\/h2>\n<p>Technologick\u00fd proces prob\u00edh\u00e1 v n\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00edch f\u00e1z\u00edch:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>P\u0159\u00edprava surovin. P\u0161enice se vlo\u017e\u00ed do separ\u00e1toru a o\u010dist\u00ed se od ne\u010distot, p\u0159\u00edm\u011bs\u00ed, \u00faponk\u016f atd.<\/li>\n<li>Mlet\u00ed zrn. Vy\u010di\u0161t\u011bn\u00e1 surovina se nasype do ml\u00fdna. Stroj se automaticky spust\u00ed a mele p\u0161enici pomoc\u00ed ml\u00fdnsk\u00fdch kamen\u016f. Na konci procesu ji vysype do sb\u011brn\u00e9ho prostoru.<\/li>\n<li>Pros\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed. Tento proces nejen \u010dist\u00ed hotovou mouku, ale tak\u00e9 zlep\u0161uje jej\u00ed kvalitu okysli\u010dov\u00e1n\u00edm. Pros\u00e1t\u00fd produkt se mus\u00ed ze stroje p\u0159en\u00e9st do steriln\u00edch misek nebo s\u00e1\u010dk\u016f.<\/li>\n<li>Posledn\u00edm krokem je balen\u00ed. Ze s\u00edta se mouka doprav\u00ed do plnic\u00edho stroje a nasype se do z\u00e1sobn\u00edku. V\u00fdsledkem je v\u00fdrobek v obalech.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h2>N\u00e1klady na otev\u0159en\u00ed takov\u00e9 v\u00fdroby<\/h2>\n<p>Abychom pochopili, jak\u00fd pen\u011b\u017en\u00ed p\u0159\u00edsp\u011bvek bude pot\u0159eba na nevelk\u00fd z\u00e1vod na v\u00fdrobu p\u0161eni\u010dn\u00e9 mouky, prove\u010fme p\u0159ibli\u017en\u00fd v\u00fdpo\u010det:<\/p>\n<p>M\u00edstnost bude muset b\u00fdt prostorn\u00e1, ne men\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e 200 \u010dtvere\u010dn\u00edch metr\u016f. Je \u017e\u00e1douc\u00ed, aby byla v\u011btran\u00e1, tepl\u00e1 a such\u00e1. Nezapome\u0148te na m\u00edstnost pro skladov\u00e1n\u00ed hotov\u00e9 mouky. M\u011blo by pro ni b\u00fdt vy\u010dlen\u011bno alespo\u0148 20 \u010dtverc\u016f. V z\u00e1vislosti na objemu v\u00fdroby. N\u00e1klady na takovou prodejnu jsou asi 600 rubl\u016f za \u010dtverec. Za m\u011bs\u00edc na n\u00e1jem bude muset vylo\u017eit 120 000 rubl\u016f. S p\u0159ihl\u00e9dnut\u00edm k platb\u00e1m za komun\u00e1ln\u00ed slu\u017eby - asi 150 000;<br \/>\nN\u00e1kup obil\u00ed bude st\u00e1t 6 000 za tunu. Za m\u011bs\u00edc je t\u0159eba zpracovat nejm\u00e9n\u011b 10 000 tun. To znamen\u00e1 60 000 za suroviny;<br \/>\nvybaven\u00ed vy\u017eaduje n\u00e1klady v rozmez\u00ed 700 000 rubl\u016f (s p\u0159ihl\u00e9dnut\u00edm ke v\u0161em jednotk\u00e1m);<br \/>\nplaty pod\u0159\u00edzen\u00fdch. Bude nutn\u00e9 zam\u011bstnat d\u011bln\u00edky, \u00fa\u010detn\u00ed, ukl\u00edze\u010dky. Na odm\u011bny za jejich pr\u00e1ci by m\u011blo b\u00fdt vy\u010dlen\u011bno nejm\u00e9n\u011b 150 000 rubl\u016f.<\/p>\n<p>Celkov\u00e9 n\u00e1klady na otev\u0159en\u00ed z\u00e1vodu na v\u00fdrobu mouky - 100000 eur<\/p>\n<h1>Dom\u00e1c\u00ed v\u00fdroba p\u0161eni\u010dn\u00e9 mouky<\/h1>\n<h2>V\u00fdroba p\u0161eni\u010dn\u00e9 mouky v dom\u00e1c\u00edch podm\u00ednk\u00e1ch<\/h2>\n<p>Dom\u00e1c\u00ed podnik\u00e1n\u00ed p\u0159i v\u00fdrob\u011b p\u0161eni\u010dn\u00e9ho produktu vy\u017eaduje minim\u00e1ln\u00ed n\u00e1klady. Pokud nakoup\u00edte vy\u010di\u0161t\u011bn\u00e9 zrno, technologick\u00fd proces se zjednodu\u0161\u00ed. Nebude nutn\u00e9 p\u0159ipravovat suroviny - \u010distit, oplachovat a sterilizovat. U\u0161et\u0159\u00edte tak za n\u00e1kup p\u0159\u00edslu\u0161n\u00e9ho vybaven\u00ed. Vzhledem k tomu, \u017ee nebude pot\u0159eba velkoobchodn\u00ed n\u00e1kup obil\u00ed, m\u016f\u017eete pen\u00edze utratit za \u010dist\u00e9 suroviny. Pytel p\u0161enice o hmotnosti 50 kg. stoj\u00ed p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b 300 rubl\u016f. Z t\u00e9to hmotnosti m\u016f\u017eete vyrobit asi 20 kg p\u0161eni\u010dn\u00e9 mouky. Samotn\u00fd v\u00fdrobn\u00ed proces nevy\u017eaduje mnoho \u00fasil\u00ed a \u010dasu.<\/p>\n<h2>Za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed pro v\u00fdrobu<\/h2>\n<p>Ml\u00fdn nebo drti\u010d. Rozd\u00edl v technologii: drti\u010d se mus\u00ed ot\u00e1\u010det ru\u010dn\u011b, ml\u00fdn mele p\u0161enici automaticky. Rozd\u00edl je tak\u00e9 v n\u00e1kladech - elektrick\u00fd ml\u00fdn stoj\u00ed asi 20 000 rubl\u016f, drti\u010d lze koupit za 5 000. V\u011bt\u0161ina lid\u00ed p\u0159esto d\u00e1v\u00e1 p\u0159ednost automatick\u00fdm stroj\u016fm;<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/biznesplan-primer.ru\/files\/images\/1_26.png\" alt=\"\" title=\"\"><\/p>\n<p>pros\u00e9va\u010d. Pokud se maj\u00ed vyr\u00e1b\u011bt velk\u00e9 d\u00e1vky, je lep\u0161\u00ed zakoupit pros\u00e9vac\u00ed stroj. Jeho cena z\u00e1vis\u00ed na objemu zpracov\u00e1n\u00ed - od 10 000 do 30 000. Pro mal\u00e9 mno\u017estv\u00ed mouky sta\u010d\u00ed koupit velk\u00e9 s\u00edto. Jeho cena se pohybuje od 100 rubl\u016f;<br \/>\nv\u00e1hy. Je lep\u0161\u00ed nakupovat na plo\u0161in\u011b, proto\u017ee budete muset v\u00e1\u017eit od 10 kg a v\u00edce. Takov\u00e1 jednotka stoj\u00ed asi 8 000 rubl\u016f. Mnoho lid\u00ed pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 bezmenn\u00e9 v\u00e1hy. Je to levn\u00e9, ale proces v\u00e1\u017een\u00ed nen\u00ed pohodln\u00fd;<br \/>\ns\u00e1\u010dky na balen\u00ed. Domovsk\u00fd dopravn\u00edk umo\u017e\u0148uje ru\u010dn\u00ed balen\u00ed do polyethylenov\u00fdch s\u00e1\u010dk\u016f. Proto\u017ee plnic\u00ed stroj by byl n\u00e1kladn\u00fd. S\u00e1\u010dky se prod\u00e1vaj\u00ed v rol\u00edch za cenu 100 rubl\u016f za 100 kus\u016f;<br \/>\nsavok pro balen\u00ed. Pohodln\u00e9, prostorn\u00e9 za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed s rukojet\u00ed lze zakoupit za 200 rubl\u016f.<\/p>\n<h2>V\u00fdrobn\u00ed technologie<\/h2>\n<p>P\u0159i pl\u00e1nov\u00e1n\u00ed dom\u00e1c\u00ed v\u00fdroby mouky je lep\u0161\u00ed se p\u0159edem postarat o samostatnou m\u00edstnost. Je nutn\u00e9 usadit se v izolovan\u00e9, dob\u0159e v\u011btran\u00e9 m\u00edstnosti. Obil\u00ed a hotovou mouku se doporu\u010duje skladovat v such\u00e9, tmav\u00e9, ale chladn\u00e9 m\u00edstnosti. A je lep\u0161\u00ed ji ihned prodat, aby nele\u017eela ladem. Zva\u017ete technologii v\u00fdroby:<\/p>\n<p>Zrna se vlo\u017e\u00ed do ml\u00fdna. Stroj se spust\u00ed a namele obsah. Pokud nepot\u0159ebujete velk\u00e9 mno\u017estv\u00ed mouky, m\u016f\u017eete k mlet\u00ed pou\u017e\u00edt mix\u00e9r. V n\u011bm se sklenice obil\u00ed prom\u011bn\u00ed v mouku za p\u016fl hodiny.<\/p>\n<p>Pravideln\u011b kontrolujte v\u00fdsledek brou\u0161en\u00ed. Zam\u00edchejte obsah suchou l\u017e\u00edc\u00ed a podle pot\u0159eby p\u0159\u00edstroj znovu zapn\u011bte. Dokud mouka nez\u00edsk\u00e1 po\u017eadovanou konzistenci.<\/p>\n<p>Na konci procesu se stroj vypne a v\u00fdrobek se nasype do s\u00e1\u010dk\u016f.<\/p>\n<p>Doporu\u010duje se v\u011bnovat zvl\u00e1\u0161tn\u00ed pozornost skladov\u00e1n\u00ed mouky. S\u00e1\u010dky mus\u00ed b\u00fdt neporu\u0161en\u00e9, such\u00e9 a hermeticky uzav\u0159en\u00e9.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Flour has always been and remains a highly demanded product. Perhaps it is not necessary to say much about how important flour is for every Russian. It is precisely this popularity of the product that makes its manufacture an excellent option for business promotion. Manufacturers of wheat flour have huge sales opportunities. They sell it [&hellip;]<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[5],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/grain.st\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/315"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/grain.st\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/grain.st\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/grain.st\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/grain.st\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=315"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/grain.st\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/315\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":318,"href":"https:\/\/grain.st\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/315\/revisions\/318"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/grain.st\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=315"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/grain.st\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=315"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/grain.st\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=315"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}